Running in circles: First week of COP19.

Because Anna couldn’t control herself, and is perhaps slightly obsessed with Paint, we have had to give her an entire blog post. It is a great insight into what its like being here in Warsaw, and has awesome pictures, so be sure to check it out here. Find out how Matt, Jacob and Meghan have found the first week below.

Matt: COP is madness. 12,000 people representing governments, NGO’s and businesses all running around the stadium attending meetings, writing articles, networking and one hundred other things. It is easy to try follow all these things but achieve nothing. I tried this for a few days but I finally found the key; is to have a specific goal for the day and just get it done. I have found most people are approachable but if you want to find something out, you must do your homework and have the right question. Find the right question and you might get the answer you are looking for.

My thoughts on the process are mixed. At one end I don’t think much is achieved at COP in terms of tackling climate change, every country has its own agenda and is unlikely to sacrifice something for the planet. However the convergence of knowledge that each organization or individual brings to the table is incredible. This sharing of information and ideas is unparalled to anything I have experienced before. And it is this I put my hope in when it comes to facing the overwhelming challenges of climate change.

Jacob: To be honest, I came here not really sure what I would be doing. I arrived in Warsaw and took a cab from the airport to the apartment where we are staying. During this journey it looked like how I imagined Eastern Europe would look – grey and with lots of concrete. On this ride I saw a big billboard advertising the show Warsaw Shore and it all unfolded from there….

On the first day of COP I was mostly learning and trying to understand the structure of these events. There are so many things going on you are constantly playing catch up. There is no way you can learn it all – it’s just too much. So as the week progressed I started to figure out the best way to spend my time here was to focus on a few components of COP19 that interested me. People here in Warsaw, have come from all corners of the globe. It’s exciting because everyone here is trying to combat climate change from their own angle. We have all walked different roads to get here but then the roads cross. It’s inspiring to see so many like-minded people coming together and sharing how they are working towards resolving the biggest challenge humanity has ever faced. Learning what people have been doing back home has been the most enjoyable thing for me so far.

Meghan: It is a bizarre thing to be equally optimistic and pessimistic at the same time. During the first week of COP19, I have come to understand that one can be an absolute proponent and a critic. My stance on the actions to combat climate change have always been the middle of the road. At present, though, I feel that that instead of one car on this street, there are now two vehicles, speeding, interweaving, and repeatedly colliding together. That’s a whole lot of carbon emissions.

I would not never pretend to be an outspoken activist who consistently conducts actions against governments and corporations for their lack of action. I have met some astounding people from YOUNGO who fit this criteria, who are unafraid to question the current system and call for a complete revolution. The work they do will always be important, but I sometimes do find it to be a distraction from the main issues taking place at the negotiations. That does not, however, place me in the category of accepting government and private sector actions. I definitely do see the snakes in the grass, but I would rather see it continue to grow than lawnmower straight over it. I believe working with these agencies, understanding these systems, and providing constructive insights into how they can be improved, is far more effective in creating action What is required is a greater scale of these steps. It is critical that we go beyond tiptoeing to making giant struts if we are to ensure a limit of two degrees temperature increase and the time needed to adapt to the effects of this warming.

The first week of COP19 has done very little to make me think that there will be much swagger from parties, and I admit that I have become disillusioned. It is hard not to be when the whole thing seems like a farce. The venue is powered by coal, the (albeit, hugely comfortable) beanbags are provided by Emirates, and there are a constant stream of free and fancy canapes, that despite my moral reservations, I still gleefully devour. This does not seem like a center of action, but more of placation. No matter the amount of youth actions I attend and the interesting side events providing very real solutions, I still feel like no one is listening. Next week, I have a feeling everyone will be shouting a bit more louder. Whether or not this actually leads to a receptiveness by the negotiators is unknown. I sure hope that my electric-powered car of positiveness will win the race.

All of us felt a bit like this by Saturday evening:

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The NGO Party was a welcome relief from all the head scratching and frustration of the first week. Now we are thoroughly back into it and doing lots of actions, attending plenaries and meeting with New Zealand regularly to make sure they know our views. Only three more days to go!

Down the Rabbit Hole - The First Week in Review

As the first week of COP19 comes to a close, I thought I better quickly try to describe everything. This is my attempt to paint a bit of a picture of the wonderland of UN climate change negotiations, and update you on what twists and turns have been uncovered so far.

To set the scene I feel I should describe Poland. Poland is all pink and grey apartments and spindly trees - where the crows start accruing like it’s the final scenes of ‘The Birds’. Against this ominous backdrop is the negotiations venue - which is a football stadium (I don’t know how that works either … it has a lot of rooms) which you can reach by crossing an enormous gravel lawn. The sun sets at 4pm.

The conference set-up itself sends… mixed messages. The goodie bags they give out at COP19 have all been sponsored by an oil company (their flame logo on the front is as big as the COP19 logo) and an enormous coal summit has been scheduled to run in parallel to these negotiations.

Sorry, about the heavy-handed bleakness, but I’m just expressing the atmosphere as I see it. Inside the stadium there are identical white circular corridors on every level. I have to say, the overall look of the inside is a lot like the sci-fi clichés - everybody is plugged into their laptops, or staring at iPhones, or sitting in orderly rows. But are the actual negotiations looking as ominous as the setting? I will try and answer that by boiling the negotiations down to a few areas. From what I can see, there are four major threads to follow.

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Most excitingly, this conference is pretty much 50% the creation of a new protocol which is due to be signed in 2015. It is supposed to have legal force and be applicable to all parties. Will this be the treaty that saves us all? Or will it be the next Copenhagen?

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The second thread is: Given this protocol is bit of a while away, and our emissions need to peak by 2017 - what are we going to do in the meantime? Also known as: Short-term mitigation.

The third thread: Climate finance. The first deadline for money on the table has been reached - was it sufficient? and will countries step it up over 2013-2015?

The fourth thread: creating a mechanism for Loss and Damage. We live in a new world now - where weather extremes are becoming the norm and we can’t adapt our way out. This issue has rocketed up the list of priorities for this COP - it may be one of the few concrete things we get out of this negotiating session. But will the developing nations (who are the main supporters) get it through?

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I have been mainly following Loss and Damage. Later this week I want to write a blog devoted solely to the topic of Loss and Damage, but for now here is a short update about where this issue is heading.

The first event I went to which matched my imagination of UN talks was an open contact session on Loss and Damage - it had those country name plates and everything. In my naivety, I thought all the countries were constantly repeating each other and announcing relatively bland and vague statements. About half the room were saying our current ad-hoc approach to loss and damage is not sufficient, the other half talked about how important risk assessment was. Everybody seemed to re-affirm how important it was to have a mechanism on loss and damage… or so I thought.

When we got out of the room, some of the other youth delegates were almost hopping up and down over what they had seen.

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I was told that what I had in fact seen was incredibly dramatic. That what I had seen was the developing countries all uniting unusually strongly, and saying that the establishment of this “mechanism” was a “redline” for them - and that they were prepared to make the talks fall apart over this.

I have to say, I didn’t really pick up on this - but these negotiations are like a new language to me. It seems the only way to work out what’s really going on is to listen in on whispers and rumours in the corridors - Game of Thrones style.

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Doing my best impression of Varys I will try to pull together the rumours of what is happening the other areas of the talks.

Climate Finance

Matt is following finance so please check out his blog over here! Beyond this, the other big news is that the adaptation fund has almost run out of money and is currently in crisis. There is goal to raise $100 million for the fund - a couple of countries have made a pledge for the fund, but it is still nowhere near $100 million.

Short-term mitigation

Initially things were looking promising on this front when the Alliance of Small Island States made a proposal that was gaining some traction. However now things seem grim with much talk around Japan and Australia backsliding on their climate change policies and targets - and just at the moment when we expected countries would ramp up ambition. There is concern that this will open the door for others to follow suit.

2015 Agreement

Something that’s been generating a lot of discussion is a creative proposal from the Brazil delegation. They have asked for the IPCC to write up a report on what countries historical responsibilities are for greenhouse gas emissions. This could be used as a basis for setting fair emissions reduction targets. However, the IPCC says such a report would take at least 18 months. That’s time we don’t have.

The other news on this front is that a decision text draft was released Monday morning (as a step towards an actual draft agreement in 2014) - I have not read it yet, but give me some time!

On a more positive note… On Saturday I went to the biggest march I have ever seen. It was the March for Climate and Social Justice and ran from the centre of town to the stadium - we marched for close to three hours. And holy hell, there must’ve been about 10,000 people there. I remember seeing the packed out city square and everywhere the waving flags for Oxfam, Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth, as well as dozens of organisations I had never come across before. And those were just the organizations; there was a train full of Belgians who travelled over 1000 kilometres just to attend this march - I’ve never seen anything like it. A chill went down my spine to hear everyone chanting “This is what Democracy Looks Like”

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WTF?? (Where’s the Finance)

COP19 has unofficially been labeled the finance COP. When I hear this statement, I immediately think- fantastic, countries will pledge money to the funds that have been created and the developing world will have the assistance they need to mitigate GHG emissions, adapt to climate change and ultimately minimize the destruction from extreme climate events. Unfortunately, this claim is a broken record. I will touch on the principles that guide climate change finance, the current state of those funds, New Zealand’s current climate finance, and finally what to look out for regarding finance at COP19.

When I talk of climate finance, I refer to the transfer of public resources from developed countries to developing countries to support action on climate change – both to reduce or avoid GHG emissions (mitigation) and to deal with the climate impacts that are already happening (adaptation). Underpinning this idea, affirmed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is that developed countries have a responsibility to lead on climate action because it is their historical emissions that have lead to the climate we face today.

In 2007 the UNFCCC made its greatest progress on climate finance. The principles to guide climate finance were established. Climate finance must be adequate, predictable and sustainable – climate finance must also be new and additional and flow to mitigation and adaptation equally. In 2009 countries pledged to mobilize $100bn per year by 2020 and as a sign of their intent they agreed to mobilize $30bn by 2012 as a ‘fast start finance’ (FSF) program. Oxfam have labeled this fast start a ‘false start’ – research has shown only 33% of this finance has been new, only 24% is additional to existing aid promises and only 21% went to adaptation activities. A far cry from the so called founding principles of climate finance. What infuriates me the most is that this finance will not only enable the developing world to grow but grow in a way the world has never seen before. A conscious growth that is completely aware of the worlds needs, not just the needs of a few.

Now New Zealand will confidently tell you that we are doing our ‘fair share’ – we are a small economy who cannot contribute much to the world of climate finance. New Zealand’s climate change finance concentrates on helping our partners in the pacific predominantly through bi-lateral funds. The focus is on sustainable development particularly through renewable energy projects. We have committed $80m in climate finance over the next 3 years with the majority going to the Pacific. Now this may sound quite good and I agree that our money is best spent in the pacific. However, as we do not have a separate climate finance fund and have no separation between aid and climate related aid. There is no distinction between what is already pledged and what is new and additional. How can we say we are doing our fair share when we can’t even take the first step to create the structure to measure what is new and additional. The developing world needs every penny of the $100bn and in reality that figure does not even come close to what is actually required. New Zealand must pledge our fair share and be 100% transparent that it is new and additional.

As I mentioned earlier COP19 has been labeled the finance COP. In the lead up to the new climate change agreement, to be signed in 2015 - structures for action need to be put in place, and those structures need to be supported by real finance. The developing world is desperately calling out for amounts to be laid on the table. The developed world is extremely tentative to announce real figures. The long term finance pledge of $100bn and specifically finance for adaptation and loss and damage are the major agenda items this year.

Australia has already shocked the halls today by saying that “the convention is not about welfare transfer” and that “climate finance are not donations but investments”. Furthermore they “can’t agree to mandatory commitments by developed countries”. Countries literally had to laugh at the ridiculousness of the comments. What will happen next? My heart tells me humanity will prevail and we will see some concrete pledges on the table resulting in a just long term finance plan. However we have been in this position several times before and empty promises are all too familiar in the climate change world.

Stay in tune for my next update.

By Matt Gibbons

Science and cigarettes

A few years ago the government asked for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report to be written. The IPCC’s report that came out in September says that human influence on the climate system is now virtually certain. It was signed off and accepted before it was released. Perhaps the members of our government who received the report should have a read.

Today at COP19 Japan announced that they will reduce their emissions targets for 2020 from 25% below 1990 levels to 3.8% below 2005 levels. This is actually a 3.1% increase above 1990 levels.

Additionally, earlier in the week back in New Zealand, Gerry Brownlee said:

Well I think climate change is something that has happened always so to simply come up and say look it’s man made is I think is an interesting prospect.

Gerry Brownlee may think climate change is something that has always happened and he’s absolutely right. But claiming that human-induced climate change is just an interesting prospect is a bit like a Tom Selleck cigarette ad in the 70’s saying smoking refreshes naturally.

To me the two comments are equally as ridiculous as each other. How are some of these countries not seeing the big picture?

Recorded CO2 concentrations are 40% greater than they have been for the last 800,000 years based on ice core records. Furthermore, this year was the first time in 3 million years that CO2 concentrations rose above 400 parts per million. The last time we were in a 400 ppm world temperatures were 3 – 4 degrees warmer and sea-level was 10 - 20 metres higher as there was no permanent Greenland Ice Sheet or West Antarctic Ice Sheet. That’s where we are heading, that’s the end game. While we aren’t exactly sure how long that may take. We know in our lifetime an increase of half a metre of sea-level could see weather events presently described as annual occurring daily, while “100-year events ” could take place several times a year. To put this into perspective the global mean sea level rise could be almost 1 m higher by 2100 according to the most recent projections. Both flood and drought risk is projected to approximately double over New Zealand during the 21st century.

Why is it that governments continue to ignore the latest IPCC report and continue to slow progress?

We aren’t in the 70’s anymore Gerry……..

By Jacob Anderson

Kiwi in the Polish forest

Tree planter

Yesterday I set out to participate in the official tree planting campaign put on by the Polish Government for the annual conference on climate change (COP19). My real goal however was to film our first short video for our video campaign ‘Kiwi at COP”. We arrived at the site and I immediately changed into Jandals, Stubbies and a Swanny. About 300 Polish officials, civilians and school children stared in absolute disbelief. It is now the beginning of winter in Poland and it is cold. I set out to work planting with at least 2 film crews in tow; I was now the story of the day. During the planting I set up the camera and began filming what would be our first video for ‘Kiwi at COP’. I was interviewed by the Polish press at the end of the day and the following will explain my views.

The idea of the planting is to partially offset the C02 emissions produced by people travelling to COP19 in Warsaw. 9000 Trees in total were planted to theoretically represent 9000 people attending COP (over 10,000 are attending). Now this may sound like a great idea and romantic gesture by the Polish government BUT to make it absolutely clear this ‘partial off-set’ of tree planting in no way offsets the emissions produced by people travelling to COP. We were in fact re-planting a forest that would have been re planted regardless of the conference happening in Poland. Therefore no additional C02 emissions were being off-set by the act. The reality is Poland is over 90% reliant on coal for electricity and has shown no signs of converting this to renewable generation. This act of tree planting is merely a publicity stunt to distract from the real issues.

I am not criticising the act of tree planting. Planting forests as well as sustainably managing those forests are critical acts of supporting our eco-system and sequestering C02 emissions to mitigate climate change. However when this act is used as a false claim to gain positive public attention and is in no way offsetting C02 emissions. I consider this morally wrong and not in the spirit of the UN and climate change negotiations.

By Matt Gibbons DSC01079

First Two Days at the Climate Change Negotiations

I thought my first blog from Poland would be a light-hearted, diary-style ‘what was my first day at COP19 like?’ thing - but things move so fast here and it has already become far more important to talk about something else.

Super typhoon Haiyan is casting a pretty dark shadow over the proceedings here in COP19. There was a girl at our youth conference that was still organising activities for us whilst not knowing the circumstances of her family back in the Philippines. In an open session on Loss and Damage today, the Philippines representative broke down in tears. Most prominently, Yeb Sano (from the Philippines delegation) made this speech (see below) - which was heart breaking and moved the conference to a standing ovation

Yeb Sano’s speech, and pledge to fast until there is a meaningful outcome from this conference, is already probably the most significant thing that will come out of this conference - if you haven’t seen it, please watch the clip below.

Short version: http://www./watch?v=7SSXLIZkM3E

Full speech: http://tcktcktck.org/2013/11/cop19-philippines-speech-moves-plenary-tears/58705

His hunger strike has spurred around 25 campaigners to fast in solidarity with Yeb and the Philippines. This action has already attracted so much attention that the media storm outside the food court today was described as being at a level that was usually only seen in the last few days of a COP.

I know people are inundated with things to share on facebook and social media, but if you would continue sharing Yeb’s speech, it would be playing a part in a very important wider picture. If people keep up the momentum - spreading the message about the carbon we’re emitting now and the unbearable human impacts it’s causing in vulnerable nations - people are saying this moment could be a game changer. If the solidarity efforts catalyse the actions that will help protect and support the people who are trying to live through intensified droughts, bush fires and super storms, then maybe one beautiful thing will come out of this horrendous tragedy.

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Photo credit to David Tong at http://adoptanegotiator.org/

It’s been kind of bizarre following New Zealand news from a distance, and watching the way it picks up on what’s happening over here. The main coverage I’ve seen so far has been over Russell Norman being “slammed for linking typhoon to climate change”. For what it’s worth, I think covering Haiyan without mentioning climate change amounts to a type of censorship. 85% of people in the Philippines say they are personally feeling the effects of climate change, and people within the Philippine government have themselves been drawing the links between Haiyan and climate change - and loudly called for the rest of the world to notice. Though it’s difficult to point to one particular extreme weather event and say ‘that’s because of climate change’ - more intense and frequent storms certainly line up with climate science projections, and with the Philippines suffering through two major typhoons in less than two years - climate change at least deserves a mention. Climate change is not just a matter of someone’s politics, it’s a reality, and it’s not just a green environmental issue, it’s about people.

NZYD would like to say to the Philippines that we’re really sorry things got this far, and that you have to cope with so much loss. We would be honoured to stand in solidarity with the Philippines.

By Anna de Roo

The Botany electorate is run by a dinosaur

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I am deeply embarrassed to be part of the Botany electorate right now. Jami-Lee Ross MP of the Botany electorate criticized Russell Norman for speaking out about climate change, while other parties expressed their sympathies towards the Filipino people after the devastation of Typhoon Haiyan. Jami-Lee said:

“The Greens and Russel Norman are a disgrace. Using thousands of lost lives in a disaster to make self-centred political points. #losers.”

First of all he hashtagged losers! What are you…12?

Last time I checked, self-centred was someone who is only concerned with their own wants and needs. Thousands of people here at the UN Climate Change Negotiations in Warsaw are working tirelessly to enhance the view of governments like ours in New Zealand that are slowing down the inevitable – a low carbon green economy.

Jami-Lee Ross also said he’s not going to pass an opinion on climate change.

Are you a dinosaur? Do you still use a Walkman? How do you not think that anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions don’t change the physical state of the planet?

While his behaviour is nothing new in the world of political theatrics. Transitioning the world into a low carbon economy is serious business and not about being a greenie. It’s about living in a world that isn’t at risk of more frequent catastrophic weather events, a world where food security is not compromised and we don’t end up stripping the forest to end up with a giant dust bowl. Continued ‘business as usual’ thinking will only heighten the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events.

We don’t use horse and carriage anymore because we found a more efficient mode of transport. The way we live presently is no longer efficient for a world with a growing population and finite resources. Transitioning to a low carbon world is the solution. But the short-term economic priorities of the New Zealand government continue to disrupt process and will bite us all later if we don’t speed this transitional phase up.

By Jacob Anderson

NZYD 13 Logo

The Concept

To help me create a unique logo for the 2013 New Zealand Youth Delegation I signed up my good friend and CAD expert Zach Hornblow. The logo would be incorporated into a t-shirt and business card to strengthen our identity both in New Zealand and overseas. Zach and I sat down one evening over a beverage and had a chat about what NZYD is doing and what we are trying to achieve. I explained that we are representing the New Zealand youth at the conference. We want to connect with them on the issues of climate change and update them on New Zealand’s involvement in the international negotiations. We agreed that the design should be thought provoking and have an element of youthful style. We nutted out the design over a few sessions and this is the result! Logo

The Design

The central theme of the logo is ‘One Earth, One Climate’. When it comes to our climate the world is a single entity. The actions or inactions of one country will affect another. High emissions in one country can result in severe drought or flooding in another. It is a reminder that we are all in this together.

The four sectors represent multiple themes but for me the most powerful is the idea of extreme weather events. The continued rise in anthropogenic carbon emissions directly contributes to an increase in extreme weather events. If we continue our current emissions path, by 2050, events that now occur once every 100 years will most likely occur several times a year. Hotter days and longer droughts, severe flooding from rising sea levels and concentrated rainfall will become increasingly common. It is the increase in these events that cause so much destruction to not only people but our eco-systems.

The four sectors can also represent elements of the modern day world – Earth, Sea, Sun and Industry. The cross symbolises the goal of target setting. Setting targets on reducing carbon emissions is the worlds guide to stabilising the effects of climate change.

What does the logo make you think of?

Keep an eye out for us during COP19!

By Matt Gibbons